Hukumar kula da makamashi ta duniya IEA ta ce duk da hauhawar farashin kayayyaki da kuma hauhawar farashin masana'antu, ana sa ran ci gaban samar da hasken rana a duniya a bana zai karu da kashi 17%.
A galibin kasashe a duniya, ayyukan amfani da hasken rana na samar da mafi karancin farashi na sabbin wutar lantarki, musamman a yanayin tashin farashin iskar gas.IEA ta annabta cewa a cikin 2021, za a ƙara 156.1GW na kayan aikin hoto a duniya.
Wannan yana wakiltar sabon rikodin.Duk da haka, wannan adadi har yanzu yana ƙasa da sauran abubuwan haɓakawa da tsammanin shigarwa.Cibiyar binciken BloombergNEF ta yi hasashen cewa za a girka 191GW na sabon makamashin hasken rana a wannan shekara.
Sabanin haka, IHS Market's hasashen ikon shigar hasken rana a cikin 2021 shine 171GW.Matsakaicin shirin ci gaban da ƙungiyar kasuwanci ta SolarPower Turai ta gabatar shine 163.2GW.
Hukumar ta IEA ta bayyana cewa taron sauyin yanayi na COP26 ya sanar da wani babban burin makamashi mai tsafta.Tare da goyon baya mai ƙarfi na manufofin gwamnati da maƙasudin makamashi mai tsabta, hasken rana photovoltaic "ya kasance tushen ci gaban makamashi mai sabuntawa."
A cewar rahoton, nan da shekarar 2026, makamashin da ake iya sabuntawa zai kai kusan kashi 95% na karuwar karfin wutar lantarki a duniya, kuma hasken rana kadai zai kai fiye da rabin.Jimlar shigar da ƙarfin hoto zai ƙaru daga kusan 894GW a wannan shekara zuwa 1.826TW a cikin 2026.
A karkashin tsarin ci gaba mai sauri, sabon karfin hasken rana na shekara-shekara zai ci gaba da girma, wanda zai kai kusan 260 GW nan da 2026. Mahimman kasuwanni kamar China, Turai, Amurka, da Indiya suna da ƙimar girma mafi girma, yayin da kasuwanni masu tasowa kamar su. Yankin kudu da hamadar sahara da kuma gabas ta tsakiya suma suna nuna babban yuwuwar samun ci gaba.
Fatih Birol, babban darektan hukumar ta IEA, ya bayyana cewa, karuwar makamashin da ake samu a bana ya kafa tarihi, wanda ke nuni da cewa wata alama ta kunno kai a cikin sabuwar tattalin arzikin makamashin duniya.
"Maɗaukakin kayayyaki da farashin makamashi da muke gani a yau suna haifar da sababbin ƙalubale ga masana'antar makamashi mai sabuntawa, amma hauhawar farashin albarkatun mai kuma yana sa makamashin da ake sabuntawa ya zama gasa."
IEA kuma ta ba da shawarar ingantaccen shirin ci gaba.Wannan tsarin yana ɗauka cewa gwamnati ta magance matsalolin ba da izini, haɗin kai, da rashin biyan kuɗi, kuma yana ba da tallafin manufofin da aka yi niyya don sassauƙa.Bisa ga wannan shirin, 177.5GW na hasken rana na photovoltaic za a yi amfani da shi a duniya a wannan shekara.
Duk da cewa makamashin hasken rana yana karuwa, ana sa ran sabbin ayyukan makamashin da za a iya sabuntawa za su yi kasa da adadin da ake bukata don cimma burin fitar da hayaki mai zafi a duniya a tsakiyar wannan karni.Bisa wannan manufa, tsakanin shekarar 2021 zuwa 2026, matsakaicin karuwar karfin samar da wutar lantarki zai kusan ninka na babban yanayin da rahoton ya bayyana.
Rahoton da hukumar kula da makamashi ta duniya IEA ta fitar a watan Oktoba ya nuna cewa a cikin taswirar taswirar sifiri ta IEA ta 2050, matsakaicin karuwar yawan hasken rana na shekara-shekara daga 2020 zuwa 2030 zai kai 422GW.
Haɓakar farashin siliki, ƙarfe, aluminum, da jan ƙarfe abu ne mara kyau ga farashin kayayyaki
Hukumar ta IEA ta bayyana a cikin sabon rahoton cewa a halin yanzu, hauhawar farashin kayayyaki ya sanya matsin lamba kan farashin saka hannun jari.Kayayyakin albarkatun kasa da hauhawar farashin wutar lantarki a wasu kasuwanni sun kara kalubale ga masu samar da hasken rana a cikin gajeren lokaci.
Tun daga farkon 2020, farashin polysilicon-photovoltaic ya ninka fiye da sau huɗu, ƙarfe ya karu da 50%, aluminum ya karu da 80%, jan ƙarfe ya karu da 60%.Bugu da kari, farashin kayayyakin dakon kaya daga kasar Sin zuwa Turai da Amurka ta Arewa ma ya karu sosai, a wasu lokutan da sau goma.
IEA ta ƙiyasta cewa kayayyaki da farashin kaya sun kai kusan kashi 15% na jimlar kuɗin saka hannun jari na hasken rana.Dangane da kwatancen matsakaicin farashin kayayyaki daga 2019 zuwa 2021, jimlar kuɗin saka hannun jari na masu amfani da wutar lantarki na iya haɓaka da kusan 25%.
Hauhawar kayayyaki da sufurin kaya ya shafi farashin kwangilar kwangilar gwamnati, kuma kasuwanni irin su Spain da Indiya sun yi tashin gwauron zabi a bana.IEA ta bayyana cewa hauhawar farashin kayan aikin da ake buƙata don samar da wutar lantarki na photovoltaic yana haifar da ƙalubale ga masu haɓakawa waɗanda suka ci nasara a cikin tayin kuma suna tsammanin ci gaba da raguwar farashin kayayyaki.
A cewar IEA, daga shekarar 2019 zuwa 2021, kimanin 100GW na ayyukan samar da hasken rana da makamashin iska da suka samu nasara a kasuwa amma har yanzu ba a fara aiki da su ba, suna fuskantar hadarin tashin farashin kayayyaki, wanda ka iya jinkirta kaddamar da aikin.
Duk da haka, tasirin hauhawar farashin kayayyaki akan buƙatun sabon ƙarfin yana da iyaka.Gwamnatoci ba su ɗauki manyan canje-canje na manufofin soke kwangila ba, kuma sayayyar kamfanoni suna karya wani rikodin shekara-shekara.
Ko da yake akwai haɗarin tsadar kayayyaki masu tsayi na dogon lokaci, IEA ta bayyana cewa idan kayayyaki da farashin kaya sun sami sauƙi a nan gaba, raguwar farashin farashin hasken rana zai ci gaba, da kuma tasirin dogon lokaci akan wannan buƙatar fasaha. watakila shi ma zai yi kankanta sosai.
Lokacin aikawa: Dec-07-2021